He Tirohanga Whānui mō te Hangarau Whakamārō Waea Flux-core SAW
Ngā Āhuatanga o te Mātāpono Mahi me te Tukanga
2.1 Te Mātāpono Mahi
Ina whakamārōhia te mata mārō ki te waea he hauhautanga, ka mura te pewa i waenganui i te pito o te waea me te mata o te papa. Mā te hauhautanga kirikiri e kapi ana i te rohe pewa ka wehea te hau mai i te puna rewa, ā, ka tiakina te konganuku rewa mai i te waikura me te nitriding. Ka rewa te uhi konganuku o te waea he hauhautanga i raro i te wera o te pewa, ko te paura koranu i roto i te matua ka rewa ki roto i te puna rewa, ka whakatikatika i te hanganga matū o te paparanga mata. I muri i te whakamatao, ka totoka te para i hangaia e te hauhautanga ki runga i te mata o te whakarewa, ka taea te tango ngāwari, ka waiho he paparanga mata maeneene, he pakeke.
2.2 Ngā Āhuatanga Matua o te Tukanga
Te Whai Hua o te WhakatakotorangaKa taea e te SAW te whakamahi i te iahiko nui (te tikanga 300~800A) mō te whakarewa tonu, ka taea e te tere whakatakotoranga te eke ki te 8~12 kg/h, e 2~3 ngā wā teitei ake i te whakarewa ā-ringa, he pai mō te hanga papatipu o ngā pereti kakahu nui.
Te Hanganga Koranu WhakahaereKa taea e te waea he pūtake rere te tāpiri i ngā momo huānga hanga-carbide pērā i te chromium, te molybdenum, te vanadium, te tungsten me te niobium ki roto i te pūtake paura, ka taea te whakahaere tika i te pakeke me te ātete kakahu o te paparanga mata mā te whakarerekē i te ihirangi o ēnei huānga, ki te whakaritea ki te waea totoka, he nui ake te ngāwari o te hoahoa koranu.
Kounga Hanga PaiI raro i te parenga o te rerenga pewa i raro i te wai, he ōrite, he maeneene te paparanga mata, kāore he tauhiuhi e kitea ana, ā, he iti te kawenga mahi tukatuka i muri i te whakarewanga. Ka taea te whakarite i te hohonutanga o te urunga mā te whakarerekē i ngā tawhā whakarewa, ka taea ai te whakahaere pai i te tere waimeha o te papa ki te paparanga mata, kia mau ai te pakeke me te ātete ki te kakahu o te paparanga mata.
Mahi Aunoa PūmauKa taea te whakatinana i te tukanga katoa mā te mahi miihini me te mahi aunoa, e whakaiti ana i ngā whakaritenga mō ngā pūkenga o ngā kaimahi, ā, e whakarite ana i te ōritetanga o te kounga o ia pereti kakahu.
Te Whakarōpūtanga me te Mahi o te Pūnaha Koranu Noa
Ko ngā waea SAW kua whakarōpūtia ki te anga whakamārō pereti mau, ka whakarōpūtia i runga i te hanganga o te koranu, ā, ko ngā pūnaha koranu rerekē e rite ana ki ngā āhuatanga tono rerekē me te ātete mau. Ko ngā whakarōpūtanga noa koia ēnei:
| Pūnaha Koranu | Ngā Huānga Matua o te Koranu | Awhe Pakari (HRC) | Ngā Āhuatanga Matua o te Mahi | Ngā tono noa |
| Momo Rino Maka Chromium Teitei | Cr 15~30%, C 2~5%, he iti noa te Mo, Ni, Nb | 55~65 | He tino ātete ki te kakahu whakakoi, he ātete pānga, he iti te utu, he pūnaha koranu pakari | Ngā pereti kakahu keri whānui, ngā raina kuru, ngā raina mira sima, ngā pereti kawe waru |
| Momo Whakakotahitanga Chromium Carbide | Cr 25~40%, C 3~6%, tāpirihia te V, W, Ti | 60~68 | He nui te rahinga o te waro mārō, he ātete ki te kakahu, he ngoikore te pakari | Ngā āhuatanga e hiahiatia ana mō te kakahu roa pērā i ngā taputapu hanga onepu, ngā niho kuru konganuku, ngā pereti niho peere keri. |
| Momo Martensite Koranu Waro Iti | Cr 4~10%, Mo 1~3%, Mn 1~2%, C 0.2~0.6% | 35~50 | He pakari te pānga, he ātete pai ki te pakaru o te whakarewa, ka taea te tu atu i te kawenga pānga nui, he ātete kakahu taurite | Mata o te pūrutō, pereti taha o te peere keri, he mata koko keri nui e hiahia ana kia ātete nui ki te pānga |
| Momo Niobium Vanadium Carbide | Nb 10~20%, V 5~15%, Cr 10~15% | 62~68 | He pai te ātete ki te kakahu, he pai te mahi pāmahana teitei | Ngā āhuatanga kakahu pāmahana teitei pērā i ngā pereti kawe pāmahana teitei, ngā raina taputapu sintering |
| Momo Uku Whakakahangia Hiko | I tāpirihia ngā matūriki uku pēnei i te WC, TiC ki roto i te matua paura | 65~72 | Ātete nui ki te kakahu, utu nui | Ngā āhuatanga tino kino o te kakahu pērā i ngā pūtu kutikuti keri waro, ngā pupuri koki mīhini mira rori |
Ngā Tohu Mahi Matua o te Pereti Whakamau
Ko te mahi a te pereti kakahu mārō ka arotakehia e ngā tohu matua e whai ake nei:
4.1 Te Mārō o te Paparanga Mata
Ko te pakeke te tohu matua hei ine i te ātete ki te kakahu. I te nuinga o te wā, ko te teitei ake o te pakeke, ko te pai ake o te ātete ki te kakahu. Ko te pakeke o ngā pereti kakahu mata pakeke kei te mākete e aro nui ana ki te 50~65 HRC, ā, ka taea e ngā hua motuhake te eke ki te neke atu i te 70 HRC. Me mōhio me whakahaere te whakamātautau pakeke i muri i te whakau o te paparanga mata, i te nuinga o te wā i muri i te tango i te para o te mata 1~2mm me te paparanga whakaranu hei whakarite kia pono te hua whakamātautau.
4.2 Te Tere Whakaranutanga
Ko te tere waimeha e pā ana ki te ōwehenga o ngā wāhanga papa rewa kua konatunatua ki roto i te paparanga mata. Mēnā he nui rawa te tere waimeha, ka whakaitihia te nui o ngā huānga koranu i roto i te paparanga mata, ka heke te pakeke me te ātete ki te kakahu. Mō te mata mārō SAW me te waea hau-hau, ka taea e te whakahaere tukanga tika te whakahaere i te tere waimeha i roto i te 10~20%, ā, ka taea e te mata maha-paparanga te whakaiti ake i te awe o te waimeha.
4.3 Ātete Ngatata
Ko te nuinga o ngā paparanga mārō e tere te pakaru he rauemi waro-nui me te koranu-nui, ā, he ngāwari ki te hanga pakaru i te wā e whakamatao ana. Mā te hoahoa tauira whaitake o te waea he pūtake-rerenga me te whakamahana i mua i te whakarewa (ko te tikanga he whakamahana ki te 150~300℃ e ai ki ngā pūnaha koranu rerekē) ka taea te whakaiti i te āhua pakaru. Mō ngā tono kāore e hiahiatia he pakaru i te mata o te pereti pakaru, ka taea te whiriwhiri i ngā pūnaha koranu waro-iti, i ngā hanganga motuhake rānei e ātete ana ki te pakaru.
4.4te maitai waro, ā, ka taea e te pereti kakahu hiato whakapakari te eke ki te neke atu i te 20 taimaĀtete Kakahu
Ko te tohu tino tika hei aromatawai i te mahi a te pereti kakahu ko te ātete kakahu whanaunga, arā, ko te ōwehenga ngaronga papatipu o te pereti kakahu i whakamatautauria me te tauira paerewa i raro i ngā āhuatanga whakamātautau kakahu ōrite. Ko te ātete kakahu o te pereti rino maka chromium teitei he 5~10 ngā wā i te ātete kakahu o te pereti iti noa.
He Aratohu Kōwhiri mō ngā Horopaki Taupānga Rerekē
I te wā e whiriwhiri ana i te waea SAW flux-core mō te whakamaroke pereti kakahu, me taurite kia rite ki te momo pakaru matua o te wāhanga kakahu:
Te kākahu whakakoi me te pānga itiPērā i te paipa sima, te pereti tātari onepū, te kawe onepū. He pai ake te whiriwhiri i te waea he nui te kōromium me te 58~62 HRC, he nui te utu, ā, ka taea te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga roa.
Te kaha o te pānga me te kakahu whakakoiPērā i te mata o te bulldozer, te peere mīhini hangarau, te pane hama maina. Me pakari te paparanga ātete-kakahu, ā, me ātete hoki ki te kakahu, ā, me whiriwhiri te waea martensitic koranu rere-matua me te 40~50 HRC kia kore ai e tihorea, e ngatata rānei te paparanga mata i raro i te pānga.
Ngā āhuatanga tino kaha o te kakahuPērā i ngā wāhanga mahi a te mīhini keri waro, ngā pereti kakahu mira hanga rori, ngā raina kuru rino. E taunakihia ana kia whiriwhiria te waea hiato chromium carbide, te waea whakakaha uku rānei, he 62~68 HRC te HRC, ka taea ai te whakaroa ake i te roa o te mahi a ngā wāhanga, ahakoa he nui te utu.
Te kakahu i te pāmahana teiteiPērā i ngā papa mīhini whakawera, ngā pereti kawe oumu kōka, ngā pereti tukatuka para whakarewa. He pai ake te whiriwhiri i te waea niobium-vanadium kua whakakikoruatia ki te hauhautanga, e pupuri ana i te pakeketanga teitei me te ātete ki te waikura i ngā pāmahana mahi tae atu ki te 600℃.
Ngā Tohu hei Aro atu i roto i te Tukanga Whakarewa
Hei whiwhi i ngā pereti kakahu mārō kounga teitei, me whakahaere ngā āhuatanga matua o te tukanga whakarewa:
Ngā Whakaritenga i mua i te WhakarewaMe horoi te mata o te papa i te hinu, te waikura me te unahi waikura hei karo i te pūngao me ngā hapa whakaurunga. Mō ngā papa matotoru me ngā waea koranu-teitei, mā te whakamahana i mua ki te 150~300℃ ka taea te whakaiti i te ahotea whakarewa me te karo i te pakaru.
Kōwhiringa TawhāMō te waea whānui he 1.2mm~2.4mm te whānui, ko te iahiko whakarewa he 250~600A te whānui, ko te ngaohiko whakarewa he 28~38V, ā, ko te tere whakarewa he 300~600mm/min. Ko te nui ake o te whānui o te waea, ko te teitei ake o te iahiko e rite ana. Mā te whakaiti tika i te iahiko whakarewa me te whakanui ake i te tere whakarewa ka taea te whakaiti i te tere waimeha o te papa.
Hoahoa Paparanga MataKo te matotoru o te paparanga ātete-kakahu e hangaia ana i te nuinga o te wā ko te 3~12mm. Mō te mata maha-paparanga, me whakahaere te pāmahana i waenga i ngā paparanga kia kaua e neke ake i te 300℃ kia kore ai e nui rawa te tipu o te kōhao ka pā kino ki te mahi. Mō ngā pereti kakahu e hiahia ana kia pikohia, kia tukatukahia hoki i muri i te tukatuka, me mahi te mata ki runga i te papa i muri i te piko-mua kia kore ai e pakaru i te piko-muri.
Maimoatanga i muri i te whakarewangaI muri i te whakarewanga, me āta whakamatao, inā koa mō ngā waea koranu-teitei, kia kore ai e pakaru nā te tere o te whakamatao. Mō ngā wāhanga e hiahia ana kia whakamama i te ahotea, ka taea te whakamahana i te whakamama i te ahotea i te 200~300℃ i muri i te whakarewanga hei whakakore i te ahotea whakarewa toenga.
Te Auahatanga Whakawhanaketanga o te Ahumahi
I ngā tau tata nei, ko ngā huarahi whanaketanga o te waea SAW mō te whakamaroke pereti kakahu ko ēnei:
Tuatahi,hoahoa koranu mahi-teitei, he nui haere tonu ngā tono e hiahia ana kia nui ake te ātete ki te kakahu me te roa ake o te ora ratonga, nō reira kei te tere haere te whanaketanga o ngā waea whakapakari hiato pēnei i te WC me te TiC, ā, kei te piki haere te ōwehenga o ngā waea koranu-teitei i te mākete i ia tau, i ia tau.
Tuarua,te whakapai ake i te kore pakaru me te pakari teitei, he maha ngā tono hangarau e hiahia ana kia kaua e pakaru te mata o te pereti kakahu, e whakatairanga ana i te whanaketanga o ngā hanganga ātete-kapiti waro-iti, e whakataurite ana i te pakeketanga me te pakari mā te arotau i te ōwehenga koranu me te whakahaere hanganga moroiti.
Tuatoru,te whakaputanga e pai ana ki te taiao, ka whakaitihia e te whakatupuranga hou o te waea he pūtake-rerenga te nui o ngā huānga kino pēnei i te cobalt me ngā huānga irahiko, ā, ka whanake hoki te rere pewa ruku e rite ana ki ngā huarahi iti-parahanga me te hangarua, e tutuki ai ngā whakaritenga o te hanga matomato.
Tuawhā,whanaketanga ritenga, mō ngā āhuatanga kakahu rerekē o ngā ahumahi rerekē, kua whakarewahia e ngā kaihanga ngā hua motuhake kua wehea, kia taea ai te whakatutuki i te taurite mahi tika ake, kia kore ai e moumou te mahi, e kore rānei e ranea te roa o te ora e hua mai ana i te whakamahinga o ngā hua whānui.
Whakataki Kamupene
Ko Tangshan Runxing Machinery Co., Ltd., he kaihanga ngaio kei Tangshan, Porowini o Hebei e arotahi ana ki te R&D, te whakaputa me te ratonga hanga i runga i te papaanga o ngā hua whakarewa ātete-mau, i whakatūria i te tau 2010.
Ko ā mātou hua matua ko ngā pereti kakahu whakakikorua chromium carbide (CCO), ngā raina kakahu kua tukatukahia kia rite ki ngā whakaritenga, ngā paipa me ngā hononga paipa ātete-kakahu, ngā waea whakarewa mata-whakamārō, ngā mīhini whakarewa mata-whakamārō aunoa, me te ratonga whakatika mata roera ngaio. E whai ana mātou i te whakaaro pakihi o "Te Pono, Te Kounga Pai, Te Auahatanga me te Whakawhanaketanga Tauwhiro" ā, kei a mātou te hangarau whakamaroke mata whakarewa matatau.
Ka whakaratohia e mātou ngā otinga ātete-kakahu ritenga mō ngā ahumahi sima, maitai, maina, tauranga me te keri huri noa i te ao, ā, kua whiwhi ingoa pai mātou i te mākete i Rūhia me Āhia Waenganui.
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